|
is a form of alternative medicine developed in 1922 by Japanese Buddhist Mikao Usui.〔 Since its beginning in Japan, Reiki has been adapted across varying cultural traditions. It uses a technique commonly called ''palm healing'' or ''hands-on-healing''. Through the use of this technique, practitioners believe that they are transferring "universal energy" through the palms of the practitioner, which they believe encourages healing. Reiki is considered pseudoscience.〔 It is based on ''qi'' ("chi"), which practitioners say is a universal life force, although there is no empirical evidence that such a life force exists.〔 Clinical research has not shown Reiki to be effective as a medical treatment for any medical condition. The American Cancer Society,〔 Cancer Research UK,〔 and the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health state that Reiki should not be a replacement for conventional treatment of diseases such as cancer. ==Etymology== The English ''reiki'' or ''Reiki'' is a Japanese loanword. ''Reiki'' (霊気, meaning "spirit"〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Reiki )〕 or "mysterious atmosphere, miraculous sign"〔), in turn, is a Chinese loanword ''língqì'' (靈氣, "numinous atmosphere"). The earliest recorded English usage dates to 1975.〔The ''OED'' cites ''The San Mateo Times'', 2 May 1975, 32/1.〕 The Japanese ''reiki'' is commonly written as レイキ in katakana syllabary or as 霊気 in shinjitai "new character form" kanji. It compounds the words ''rei'' (霊: "spirit, miraculous, divine") and ''ki'' (気; qi: "gas, vital energy, breath of life, consciousness"). ''Ki'' is additionally defined as "... spirits; one's feelings, mood, frame of mind; temperament, temper, disposition, one's nature, character; mind to do something, intention, will; care, attention, precaution".Some ''reiki'' translation equivalents from Japanese-English dictionaries are: "feeling of mystery", "an atmosphere (feeling) of mystery", and "an ethereal atmosphere (that prevails in the sacred precincts of a shrine); (feel, sense) a spiritual (divine) presence." Besides the usual Sino-Japanese pronunciation ''reiki'', these kanji 霊気 have an alternate Japanese reading, namely ''ryōge'', meaning "demon; ghost" (especially in spirit possession).〔 Both dictionaries define ''ryōge'' as a ''mononoke'' もののけ, meaning "ghost; demon; evil spirit" that possesses people.〕 Chinese ''língqì'' 靈氣 was first recorded in the (ca. 320 BCE) ''Neiye'' "Inward Training" section of the ''Guanzi'', describing early Daoist meditation techniques. "That mysterious vital energy within the mind: One moment it arrives, the next it departs. So fine, there is nothing within it; so vast, there is nothing outside it. We lose it because of the harm caused by mental agitation."〔 Compare translating 靈氣在心 as "The magical ''qi'' within the heart" 〕 Modern Standard Chinese ''língqì'' is translated by Chinese-English dictionaries as: "(of beautiful mountains) spiritual influence or atmosphere"; "1. intelligence; power of understanding; 2. supernatural power or force in fairy tales; miraculous power or force"; and "1. spiritual influence (of mountains/etc.); 2. ingeniousness; cleverness". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Reiki」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|